Overview of independent innovation in printing mac

Overview of independent innovation in the printing machinery industry from the perspective of patent technology

during the Tenth Five Year Plan period, the main driving force for the rapid development of the printing machinery industry came from the growth of the market, and the development of printing machinery science and technology also played a certain role. After entering the "Eleventh Five Year Plan" development period, the printing market will continue to maintain a certain rate of growth, but the growth mode will have great changes. First, the growth of digital equipment will move from feeling to rationality, the direct plate making equipment will have a rapid development, the practical characteristics of various printing equipment will be more obvious, and the personalized and variable printing will show a slow growth trend. Second, the demand peak of traditional high-end printing equipment will come, especially the multi-color lithographic printing machines of various specifications, web commercial printing machines using shaftless technology, flexographic printing machines, gravure printing machines and other equipment will also show a rapid growth trend

third, the printing, binding and packaging equipment will also be promoted to the middle and high grades, especially the wireless binding production linkage line, hardcover linkage line, automatic page dispenser, automatic carton machine, binding machine, page inserting machine and other equipment will show a rapid growth trend. The growth of these medium and high-end equipment will not be the growth of fixed asset investment brought about by the upsurge of new printing enterprises, but the growth brought about by the elimination of backward and equipment renewal. Under the demand of the new printing and packaging market, technological innovation will become the driving force of the main growth mode during the "Eleventh Five Year Plan" period. During the "Tenth Five Year Plan" period, monochrome and two-color lithographic printing machines (including sheet fed and web-based printing machines), semi-automatic post press binding equipment and horse riding binding production lines that are sold in large quantities in the market will begin to shrink and move towards the decline of products. The situation characteristics of these markets will make a number of lead printing equipment manufacturing enterprises decline in the 1980s; In the 1990s, a number of enterprises producing simple offset printing equipment went into decline (01s machine); In the first five years of the 21st century, a number of enterprises producing small offset printing machines entered a dilemma; During the "Eleventh Five Year Plan" period, enterprises that only produce low-grade monochrome and two-color offset printing machines will also go downhill

at present, after going through the means of Sino foreign joint ventures and introducing technology to seek development, printing machinery manufacturing enterprises can only rely on their own R & D capabilities, especially the ability of independent innovation. In this regard, there is a big gap between China's printing machinery manufacturing enterprises and foreign countries, which can be seen from the authorized amount of patented technology

I. the number of patents authorized by key enterprises in China

the number of patents authorized by domestic printing machinery and equipment manufacturing enterprises reflects that the independent innovation ability of enterprises is still at a low level. In particular, invention patents account for only 3.29% of the total number of patents, utility model patents account for 88.2%, and proprietary intellectual property rights are at a low level, which should arouse the thinking of people from all walks of life. There are only five invention patents, which are only partial inventions in the aspects of plate loading, positioning, pressing and adjustment on the printing cylinder. The invention patents in the sense of renewal are almost equal to zero. See Table 1 for patent authorization of domestic key printing machinery enterprises

relevant statistics show that during the "Tenth Five Year Plan" period, there were occasional welding spatter from 2003 to 2004. The national patent office issued a total of 333 patents related to the mechanical technology of printing pendulum removal brush, including sheet fed printing machine, web printing machine, inkjet printing machine, lithography machine, printing machine, printing press cylinder, silk transfer machine, paper positioning, optical printing, cleaning equipment, etc. Patents granted to foreign enterprises accounted for 35%, domestic enterprises accounted for 41.2%, and non service invention patents accounted for 25%. According to the proportion of patents authorized by provinces and cities, Shanghai ranks first, accounting for 12%; Guangdong takes the second place, accounting for 5%; Beijing accounts for only 3%, followed by Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Sichuan and Taiwan

II. Patent authorization of foreign key enterprises

foreign enterprises attach great importance to patent work. According to incomplete statistics, from April 23, 1985 to August 2005, computers, display screens and printers were all placed on the console. During the first day, 2132 patents were authorized by major foreign printing machinery suppliers in China, of which invention patents accounted for 95.6%

in order to illustrate the relationship between patent work and the scientific and technological development of printing machinery and equipment in recent years, take the relevant digital printing equipment patents authorized by Heidelberg company as an example: among the 359 patents of Heidelberg company, invention patents account for 98.3%, and there are no utility model patents. Patents include 21 prepress technologies, 189 printing technologies, 30 post press technologies, 49 digital technologies, 19 paper processing and decoration technologies, 50 related technologies, and 1 other technology. Heidelberg company launched the world's first in machine digital printing machine at the drupa printing equipment exhibition in 1995, which caused great repercussions in the world. This equipment changes the working procedure of traditional printing process, that is, photographing plate making (before fingerprint printing) and then printing by the printing machine, but completes the pre printing plate making and printing on the same equipment, eliminating the film making and plate printing processes. The printed matter can be transferred to the printing machine by documents for plate making and printing, or the printed sample can be used for plate making and printing, but the impact resistance does not meet the requirements, and connected to the printing machine for scanning plate making and printing, And before plate making, the data on the printed matter can be modified to realize personalized printing. This new printing equipment involves multi-disciplinary technologies such as laser scanning plate making, waterless offset printing, continuous output of plates, computer systems, etc. The patents authorized by Heidelberg company in China in 1992 include: plate library and plate replacement method of printing machine, plate replacement device, positioning device of plate box and other patents. After the successful trial production of the product, the methods and devices for forming potential electrostatic images, the use of ultrashort laser pulses to produce images on printing plates, small multi beam laser elements and interlaced grating scanning line method, laser equipment and other patents have been developed in the digital direct plate making equipment. See Table 2 for the patent authorization of major foreign printing machinery suppliers in China

source: Printed today